As weld bead shape is influenced by deposition technique and by welding parameters, welding procedures must be devised with care. (W 213) (1)

Deposition technique = Técnica de deposição

The dual-rotation technique can significantly modify the velocity gradient between the probe centre and the shoulder diameter. This technique provides a differential in rotation speed and the option for rotation in opposite directions. (W 216) (2)

Dual-rotation technique = Técnica de dupla rotação

The artificial flaws implanted in one half of each specimen pipe, represented the type of flaws expected at this intermediate welding stage and hence the ultrasonic techniques were required to detect them with confidence, providing both flaw type identification and accurate sizing information. (W 44) (3)

Ultrasonic technique = Técnica ultra-sônica

(1) Novel technologies for repair and refurbishment

Sayee Raghunathan 

TWI Ltd, Cambridge, UK

Paper presented at National Welding Seminar (NWS 2006) 24 – 26 November 2006, Chennai, India.

(2) Friction stir technology – recent developments in process variants and applications

D G Staines, W M Thomas, S W Kallee and P J Oakley 

TWI Ltd

Paper presented at Conference in Montreal, COM 2006, Sheraton Centre Hotel, October 1-4 2006.

(3) Evaluation of ultrasonic phased array and laser optical techniques for inspection of the root and hot pass in girth welds

Channa Nageswaran and Ana?s Bourgeon 

TWI Ltd, Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridge, CB21 6AL, UK

Richard Gooch 

OMS, Twyford Business Centre, London Road, Bishops Stortford, CM23 3YT, UK

Paper presented at INSIGHT 2012.