Figure 9 shows the presence of a typical crack visible on the edge of the specimen, ahead of the notch tip; the actual crack depth at the centre of the specimen at this point in time was closer to the failure point, illustrating the usefulness of the method using ultrasonics which is able to interrogate inside materials. (W 21) (1)

Crack depth = Profundidade da ruptura

In the HAZ of the girth weld representative of the third pipe test, there was a more discernible increase in fracture toughness with reduction in notch depth. (W 551) (2)

Notch depth = Profundidade  do entalhe

Hot plate techniques, for heating plastics components prior to welding, certainly have their place in plastics joining. But when an Industrial Member found that it created a variation in the melt depth of its components to be joined it turned to TWI for help. (Welding 416) (3)

Melt depth = Profundidade de fusão

(1) Measuring the crack growth rate (da/dt) of a fatigue crack using phased array ultrasonics

Channa Nageswaran 

TWI Ltd, Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridge CB21 6AL, UK

TWI Member Publication, 28th November 2013.

(2) Integrity of reduced pressure electron beam girth welds for deep water pipelines

Henryk Pisarski and Chris Punshon

Paper: Pipe 24 presented at 4 th International Pipeline Technology Conference, Ostend, May 2004.

(3) Infrared alternative scores highly in plastics joining task

Case Study

www.twi-global.com/…/case-studies/infrared-alternative-scores-highly-in-plastics-joining-task-405/ – 2014-05-06.