In the case of titanium alloys, as shown in Fig.5, micro-structural refinement by dynamic re-crystallisation and phase transformation takes place about the bond line in the thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ), whilst the material in the heat affected zone (HAZ) is thermally affected by the process heat.(W 268) (1)

Bond line = Linha de aderência, de ligação

Figure 11 shows estimates of the 10th and 90th percentiles of the distribution of signal amplitudes about the regression line, which correspond to the threshold levels that are needed to achieve 90% POD and 10% POD, respectively. (W 149) (2)

Regression line = Linha de regressão

To determine J at initiation of ductile tearing, a blunting line was used in accordance with BS 7448 Part 4. (W 324) (3)

Blunting line = Linha embotada/de embotamento

(1) Aero engine improvements through linear friction welding

Michael E Nunn 

Paper presented at 1st International Conference on Innovation and Integration in Aerospace Sciences, 4-5 August 2005, Queen’s University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK.

(2) Overview of recent welding-related pipeline technology advances at TWI

Edited by Christoph Wiesner

Paper presented at International Symposium of Prof Masao Toyoda’s retirement from Osaka UniversOverview of recent welding-related pipeline technology advances at TWI

Edited by Christoph Wiesner

Paper presented at International Symposium of Prof Masao Toyoda’s ity: ‘From Welding and Fracture Mechanics to Pipeline Technology’ – 29 June 2008.

(3) ADIMEW Test: Assessment of a cracked dissimilar metal weld assembly

John B Wintle, Bridget Hayes and Martin R Goldthorpe 

Paper presented at PVP 2004 ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference 25-29 July 2004, San Diego, CA., USA

Conference 25-29 July 2004, San Diego, CA., USA