Failure of welded structures due to the presence of flaws is typically driven by a mixture of applied and residual stresses, yet in most cases only the former are known accurately. (W 14) (1)

Residual stress = Estresse residual

The thickness effect discussed earlier will still exist even if fatigue strength is expressed in terms of the hot-spot stress. (W 341) (2)

Hot-spot stress = Estresse crucial, critico

A linear viscosity model has been developed based on a linear relationship between yield strength and temperature, and between yield stress and strain rate, where the viscosity is a function of the uniaxial stress and uniaxial strain rate. (W 35) (3)

Yield stress = Tensão de ruptura / limite de elasticidade

(1) Effects of Mechanical Loading on Residual Stress and Fracture: Part II: Validation of the BS 7910:2013 Rules
Isabel Hadley and Simon Smith
TWI Ltd Cambridge, UK
Presented at Proceedings of the ASME 2014 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference (PVP2014), July 20-24, 2014, Anaheim, California, USA.

(2) Review of fatigue assessment procedures for welded aluminium structures
S J Maddox, TWI Ltd
Paper published in International Journal of Fatigue, Paper JIJF1005. vol. 25, no. 12, December 2003, pp.1359-1378 -available here

(3) Numerical investigations of friction stir welding of high temperature materials
A. Elbanhawy, E. Chevallier, K. Domin
TWI Ltd, Structural Integrity Technology Group
Presenter: Dr Amr Elbanhawy, Project Leader at TWI Ltd, Granta Park, Cambridge, CB21 6AL, UK
NAFEMS world congress, Salzburg, Austria, 9-12 June 2013.